Jurisprudence Assignment Question Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Jurisprudence Assignment Question - Essay ExampleAntigone decided to defy the proclamation that her brother not be buried properly, and gave him a burial against the states wishes. After this she was imprisoned and hanged herself in her prison (Sophocles). Natural Law According to stone (1992),1 the story of Antigone is one in which the single(a) is entitled to break the law. He cites Thomas Hobbes as distinguishing between right and law (ius and lex) right being the terra firma for liberty and law being the basis for obligation. ... be seen as unjust if it does not accord with Gods laws. 6 Hobbes, according to Stoner (1992) also states that there are limits to the law, or, rather, that there are limits as to what an separate is expected to obey. Hobbes believes, essentially, that man has liberty to decide for himself what is right for himself as an individual the Liberty each man hath, to use his own power, as he will himselfe, for the perservation of his own Nature that is t o say own Life and consequently, or doing anything, which in his own Judgement, and Reason, hee shall conceive to be the aptest means thereunto.7 Finnis (2001) would coincide in this analysis, stating that governmental laws are limited, in that they must(prenominal) recognize certain universal, God-given rights such as the right not be murdered, raped, enslaved or lie-to. 8 Further, Stoner (1992) states that Hobbes philosophical underpinnings of the law is moral, as opposed to civil or political, as it is directed at the individual, and what is right for every individual, as opposed to the collective. The preservation of the individual is at the heart of the Hobbes philosophy. Hobbes philosophy, according to Stoner, does not even take the mores and customs of a community into account, because custom is not necessarily anchored to morality or liberty.9 In one thinks about this, it makes sense - just as slavery was a custom, it clearly was in contravention to natural law or libert y, therefore, the custom of slavery is one that is built upon uncertain ground, like sand. That said, according to Cornish & Clark (1989), Hobbes recognized that mans nature was prone to violent destruction, so society must keep a check on the individualistic natures.10 Because natural law is inevitably based upon some

Ethical Issues in Adoption Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Ethical Issues in Adoption - Essay ExampleThe topic of adoption has sparked heated debate, especially in social, religious, and political forums. In such debates, heap from various agencies have raised their concerns about the ethics of adoption. While the topic of adoption has gained wide acceptance across the globe, some quarters within the hunting lodge still think that adoption is marred with ethical issues. Certainly, I agree that there are ethical issues in adoption just as Proops states in her article. In as much as opinions are divided whether adoption can offer the solution to marital problems, it is worth mentioning that the issue of adoption is ethically significant, especially in the contemporary world.Unlike two decades ago, the modern society has embraced adoption to the extent that some spouses opt not to bear their biological children. Most of these raft claim that adoption offers a solution to barren couples and people who want to stay single. From this perspectiv e, adoption appears to be right. Nonetheless, the gay, bisexual, and transgender community, commonly known as the (LGBT), have interpreted adoption to a completely new level. Initially, adoption was meant to help less fortunate children and infertile parents. However, the question that rages today is whether to the gay community ought to adopt children. Nevertheless, another(prenominal) critical question is whether adopted children ought to live families where the parents are not straight or whether they ought to live with same-sex parents.

Interenatinal human rights midterm essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Interenatinal human rights midterm - Essay ExampleThe ICCPR was ratified by the General Assembly in 1966 slice the optional Protocol was adopted on the same day (OHCHR). The fact that only Marigold is a member state of the International Criminal Court does non deprive it of the right to take its case to the ICC. According to Article 12 of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, the ICC has territorial jurisdiction over a crime where the criminal conduct has occurred in the territory of a state which is a member of the ICC (United Nations). Therefore, if the giving medications of Oakland and Beechland do not cooperate in administering justice to the people, the Marigold government can take its case to the ICC.Another option that is available to Marigold is that under Article 42 of the ICCPR, any member state may request the mission to take up the matter and constitute a commission to decide the matter. However, this request will only be accepted if the domestic alter natives according to supranational law fork out been exhausted (OHCHR). Under this Article, the Committee may set up a Commission after satisfying that all the domestic alternatives maintain been tried. The Commission would be constituted of five members as opposed to the seven members decided by the Arborian Commission. It would be situated at the United Nations headquarters, the UN office in Geneva, or even at The Hague if the member states, i.e. Marigold and Beechland so determine.If any step taken by the Marigold government fails to address the loss of the Arborian community, then the individuals may remove a complaint to the Human Rights Committee under Article 1 of the Optional Protocol of the ICCPR (OHCHR). However, to make a valid request, it is essential that the individual should have exhausted all the domestic resources. However, Article 5 of the Optional Protocol makes a concession in the case where the provision of appropriate remedies by the affirm government

Bissell Vacuum Cleaner Quality Analysis Essay Example for Free

Bissell Vacuum Cleaner Quality Analysis EssayThe market for vacuum cleaners is more than globalized compared to laundry and kitchen appliances market. The need for vacuum cleaner models differs across various markets. Over the last few years the vacuum cleaners market witnessed a prodigious number of advances in terms of lightweight vacuums driven by smaller and efficient motors. The market for bagless vacuum cleaners is witnessing continuous growth, with North American households account statement for the highest share of bagless vacuums market. The current consumers prefer vacuums featuring bagless and multi-surface cleaning. The following are few vacuum cleaner brands under the low price segment. A comparison is made found on criteria like key features, price and consumer ratings. These criteria should allow us to rank the brands in terms of value for money.From the listings it is easy to understand that the Bissell 3-in-1 Stick Vac Bagless Vacuum has authorized a four st ar rating and also priced the cheapest among the other brands. The Bissell Vacuum cleaner is definitely a winner as it fulfills consumer needs and stands out as a very commodity purchase for price sensitive consumers. The next in line is Eureka Quick-UP Bagless Stick Vacuum which has also received good consumer ratings but is much more expensive than its other competitor.References1. www.walmart.com2. http//www.pellresearch.com/Household-Vacuum-Cleaner-Manufacturing.htm

A Reflection on the Violence of the Current Times Essay Example for Free

A Reflection on the Violence of the Current Times EssayWars and revolutions have been considered over the age as the approximately destructive choice that macrocosmy nations have pushed through for the sake of fighting for their ideologies and interests. Just like the most aggressive natural disasters such as tsunamis, earthquakes, and vol laughingstockic eruptions, wars can end the lives of millions of unimpeachable people in just a snap. All those ruthless bombing, deafening shootouts, and inhumane treatments among fighting nations are killing the human race in such worse ways than natural disasters. This makes war as one of the most hated, resented, and feared concepts. However, it has also become one of the most tackled topics and themes in literature, allowing those who never experienced it to see a glimpse of its nature and reality. In James William Gibsons article, Warrior Dreams, he talks about the feeling of being unnamed by a war that never became victorious. In t he face of challenges and obstacles, this man who has been weakened by the fight seems to have formed illusions of invincible warrior heroes like Rambo, Dirty evoke and Jack Ryan (Gibson 625).An average and normal man would understand completely that the reality of being unmanned can be compared to a dismal situation in a mans life where his greatest natural ability and strength are taken away Feeling unmanned by a war lost and by the rewriting of gender codes in the wake of the sexual revolution, millions of American men began to dream, to fantasize about the powers and features of another kind of man who could retake and re ensnare the world (Gibson 625).This would most certainly leave that person weak in his own awareness and belief therefore, he will want something or someone notwithstanding an imaginary herofrom whom he can gain strength and an inspiration of invincibility. This, Gibson notes, can be one of the most manly roots of ruthless violence and inhumanity. Like man y literary artists and sociologists who explored wars and revolutions in their works, Gibson admits that wars are practically naturally occurring events.He even claims that wars have divine histories as well that during the ancient societies, even gods used wars as a way to set up the deified order of things These cosmogonic, or creation, myths posit a violent affair between the good forces of order and the evil forces dedicated to the perpetuation of the primordial chaos. After the war in which the gods defeat the evil ones, they establish the sacred order (Gibson 633).This claim, together with most of the academic claims about wars, implies that generally, wars are something which is innate in the tendencies of human beings and that war and violence appears to be never-ending exhibition of power by the humansa power that they think they own. There are a lot of current issues and happenings that can be related to Gibsons perspective on war and violence.Aside from the seemingly un ending wars and violent acts rooted in religious conflicts and ideological clashes, Gibsons tidings on the nature and reality of war and violence can also be exemplified in the case of a ruthless shooting in school done by mere young boys rattled the entire nation a nightmare that they never imagined to ever occur. It was a perfect spring morning in the fields of the Columbine game School in Jefferson County, Colorado. As the investigation revealed, the deaths of 13 innocent people were indeed done by two boys by the name of Eric Harris, 18 years of age and Dylan Klebold, 17 (Bradley).The two started packing their rigging weapons and bombs in their duffel bags on the morn of April 20, 1999. After preparing their weapons and god-knows-what, they headed to Columbine High School. It was past 11 in the morning when the first set of gunshots were heard by the students from the cafeteria and they immediately scooted under the table to protect themselves from what they cannot deny as d anger. What followed next was a series of pointless, insensate shooting and bombing by the two young gunmen.The police were immediately present in the area however, they were not able to protect the lives of 13 innocent people who fell dead. After the shootings and bombing, when the police and the SWAT were finally ready to enter the campus, the gunmen, Harris and Klebold, ended their own lives. This was just one of the most gruesome and distressing violent acts the whole of America has witnessed over the years. However, what disturbed most Americans about this incident was the involvement of two young people as the gunmen themselves.After the incident, a lot of harsh critics passed the blame onto the media industry for their irresponsible broadcasting and insufficient monitoring and control with the messages and content they convey. A lot of parents not just grieved only also blamed every possible medium which they think has contributed to the growth of violent materials in the m ass media industry and consequently affected the behavior of children. However, even to this date, no one can be really certain about what went on in Harris and Klebolds minds to do such a thing.But considering Gibsons discussion on the nature and reality of wars and violence, one could infer that these two boys just had an urge of power exhibition in false knowing and understanding that they can control and change the order of the world.Works CitedBradley, Ed. What Really Happened At Columbine? CBS News. 17 April 2001. 9 July 2009. http//www. cbsnews. com/stories/2001/04/17/60II/main286144. shtml. Gibson, James Wilson. Warrior Dreams. Title of the Book. Ed. First Name go Name. Location Publisher, Year. 625633.

Economys production possibilities Essay Example for Free

Economys production possibilities EssayProblem Set 2 bang all questions listed below. Clearly label your answers 1. What impact would a change that shifts an economys production possibilities curve outward have on the long run aggregate tack on curve? How have improvements in computer technology affected production possibilities and the long run aggregate supply curve? ExplainAnswer produce of population and the labor-force participation rateCapital accumulationImprovements in technology2. Construct the AD, SRAS, and LRAS curves for an economy experiencing (a) full employment, (b) an economic boom, and (c) a recession. (Graphs can be flock drawn or done by computer label all curves and axes clearly.)a=full employment b=boom c= recession3. What is a work out deficit? How are cypher deficits financed? Why do Keynesians mean that budget deficits will increase aggregate demand?Answer A budget deficit occurs when the government spending exceeds government revenue in a given tim e period, usually one year. Budget deficits are financed by a countrys bonds. In the U.S., its financed by Treasury bills, notes and bonds. This is the governments way of printing money. Actually, it is creating more credit denominated in that countrys currency. However, it has the same effect it lowers the value of that countrys currency. As bonds flood the market, the supply outweighs the demand. The Keynesians believe that when aggregated demand exceeds productive capacity of the economy, the federal government can prevent inflationary overheating by reducing demand with a budget surplus generated by a combination of less spending and higher taxes.4. When output and employment slowed in early 2008, the Bush Administration and the Democratic relation passed a legislation sending households a checkfor $600 for each adult (and $300 per child). These checks were financed by borrowing. Would a Keynesian favor this action? Why or why not?Answer No, the Keynesian would not agree with t his action because their opinion is generating a combination of less spending and higher taxes, not self-aggrandising away money.

Theories and Principles Of Leadership And Management

Theories and Principles Of Leadership And ManagementLeadership is said to be a way of behaving that influence others to respond, not beca use of goods and services they want to, and because they subscribe to, it is seen as personal interactions between group of people which aim at improving personal interactions and focus on achieving a particular closes. Catalano (2006), define lead as the ability of and individual to influence the behavior of others. A good loss leaders must possess some very important skills to be effective, this includes but not limited to critical thinking, problem solving, active listening, skillful communication, acknowledgment and respect for individual difference, establishment of clear goals and pop outcomes, and continue personal and professional learning (Tappen 2001). While Management on the other cigaret be define a problem oriented process with a focus on the activities inf every last(predicate)ible to achieve a goal, it supply the structure, resources and prudence for activities of the group. Management is aimed toward influencing employees to be as fatty as humanly possible Catalano (2005). There is always a human relationship between leadership and counsel in nursing, Malby (1996) indicates that developing and fostering leadership competencies could direct nurse managers to think beyond tradition and to coordinate multidisciplinary dialogue which articulates the demand of the system and the patients whilst empowering employee. Leadership has been defined by different scholars and it has been group into theory for better understanding of its relationship to management, in this essay I will stomach on the effect of different leadership and management theory and how it is related to nursing and healthc ar system.Leadership theoriesRelationship-tasks orientation and Management theoryLeadership and managementLeadership TheoryIn authoritarian leadership air, the leaders maintain strong control over all aspects of t he group and its activities, provide directions by freehanded others that the group are expected to carry out without questions (catalano 2006). This kind of leadership style should not be used in health care setting because of it ban influence on care giver, since healthcare is an interdisciplinary system in which group participation provide the best care for client and promote health. The find of Nursing, Florence Nightingale has been said to use this style of leadership during her time. Her leadership and management style permeated nursing management for decades, and continued to dominate health care settings schematic and managed by the religious orders. Castigatory criticism, strong overt control, an I and you difference in status and a complete absence of individual consideration were the epitome of nursing management (Marquis Huston 2000, Widerquist 2000). And this was in like manner supported by Widerquist (2000) statement that whilst Nightingale may be considered a Gr eat Woman of the Victorian era, the undercurrents of her theories, ideologies and management style thrust had deleterious consequences for subsequent nursing practice and nursing management. Carney (1999) asserts that whilst evidence suggests that this approach is still employed in some health care settings, the autocratic leadership style should only be utilized in crisis situations.In Democratic style theory (Supportive or Participating), all aspects of the process of achieving a goal, from readiness and goal setting to implementing and taking credit for the success of the project, are shared by the group (Catalano 2006). This allows members participation and control because of its freedom of expression altitude toward achievement of goals. potato (2005) stated that Democratic leadership is supportive of group interaction and decision-making. Staff is motivated by economic or ego awards and supported by direction and guidance.Laissez- Faire leadership Style is also describe as p ermissive, non directive, or passive. The laissez-faire style leader allows the group he or she is leading to determine their proclaim goals and the methods to achieve them. There is little planning, minimal decision making, and a lack of involvement by the leader (catalano 2006). The laissez-faire leader observes following working from a distance and does not tend to intercede unless necessitated (Mullins 1994). Because of the leader little control and authority which can lead to variable efficiency and quality of output it is not commonly used in healthcare setting. Marquis and Huston (2000) caution that if this style of leadership is used inappropriately, it can precipitate apathy and disinterest in provide and a frenetic department.Transformational theory recognizes that multiple intangibles exist whenever people interact. Factors such as sense of meaning, creativity, Inspiration, and vision all are involved in creating a sense of mission that exceeds good interpersonal relati onships and reward. In many healthcare facilities, nursing leaders are expected to inspire excitement and commitment in nurses, who often must provide care to very ill clients in less than ideal circumstances (catalon 2006). Transformational leaders strive to elevate the needs of their followers which are congruent with their own goals and objectives through charisma, intellectual stimulation and individual consideration (Bass et al.1987a).Leadership orientation and Management theoryIn High Relationship- depressive disorder Task Orientation the leaders are usually well liked by the groups because of their acceptance of the group members as individuals, consideration of their feelings, encouragement, and promotion of good feelings among all the group members (catalano 2006). This relationship focuses more on the employee to elicit the high production ,and was supported by Human Interaction theory (management theory) in which management were essential to develop a different set of m anagement skills, including understanding human behavior, effective counseling , increase motivation using effective leadership skills and maintaining full-bodied communication (catalano 2006). In Nursing, this relationship helps to get the best out of the health care team thereby increasing the quality of care giving to patients. These theories was also supported by the Michigan studies on the leadership behavior(Cole 1999) in which it reported that supervisors of high producing groups tended to be employee-oriented and exercised employee participation in decision making, thereby promoting team festering and cohesiveness.High Task-Low Relationship describe a leader who does all the planning with little regard to the input or feelings of the group, gives order and expect them to be carried out without questions (Catalano 2006). This can be related to Time-Motion Theory (management theory), define as planning, organizing, commanding, and controlling the work of any particular group of employee (Catalannn2006). This can create a non productive environs if use in the health care setting because of it decrease in employee satisfaction. The Michigan studies (Cole 1999) conclude that the supervisors of low producing groups were task oriented and consequently were referred to as production-oriented leaders. These leaders focused more on the tasks than on the employee needs and tended to strictly monitor and control performance.Leadership and ManagementLeadership orientation and theory are used interchangeably, since environments and situations are unendingly changing in healthcare settings. Factors such as member skills, the circumstances or problem at hand, the work environment are put into considerations. Fiedler (1967) identified the leaders power the leader-follower relationship and the task to be accomplished as the key variables which determine the particular leadership style required to militate various problems in diverse situations. Hence, the applicabil ity of Fiedlers (1967) leadership theory to contemporary nursing management is conceivable, as various approaches can be employed interchangeably to manage diverse situations. For example the authoritarian leadership is mostly used in emergency situations in which saving a sustenance and obtaining maximum health is the highest goals of any group. And this is supported by Carney (1999), who asserts that whilst evidence suggests that this approach (authoritarian theory) is still employed in some health care settings, the autocratic leadership style should only be utilized in crisis situations. Catalano (2006) stated that a nurse manager on a hospital unit may use a exceedingly democratic style in most of the routine activities of the unit, but when a client goes into cardiac arrest, she may revert to a highly authoritarian style while directing the staff through a code. Also in quality management, where the problems are often long term and complicated, the leader tends to be a nurse who is well organized and methodically sift through a mountain of information and statistics to develop a policy that covers the widest start of possibilities.It can be argue that to be an effective manager, it is apparent to have the quality and highly develop skills of a good leadership, especially in healthcare to achieve optimum health and increase productivity. Whilst one does not have to be a leader to manage and a manager to lead, researchers in the mid-sixties began to recognize how these skills can be intertwined and employed synonymously to realize organizational goals (Marquis Huston 2000). It could also be argued that unless managers are cognisance and competent in strategic planning development, which implicates on clinical practice, their efforts may be circumvented by more senior levels. In addition, to affect successful change management in a constantly changing environment, the nurse manager must be appropriately prepared to lead and manage the complexities and co ntingencies of this process (Dutton et al. 1997). Management and leadership skills complement each other, it can be learned and require practice and experience.